Mexican Migration Crisis And Its Symptoms Before the U.S. recession

Then I intend to share a little about immigration in our country, its economic origins, reasons, results, their development and their reaction to the phenomenon of U.S. economic recession, besides the strong impact it has on it the whole economy of our country. According to writer John Rounce, the power of a country is defined by its infrastructure, property, economy and national security. With respect to the above determinants of power, we can say that Mexico is in a privileged situation with natural resources, considerable territorial dimension and a great dividend. But despite having so much wealth, is the state of mediocrity which is the infrastructure, economy and national security, which we are concerned and discouraged. Unemployment in Mexico continues to increase, in January 2008, was calculated in a cup of 4.06%, which means that about 1 '786, 628 people in age and able to work were unemployed. Such levels of unemployment are reflected in the various areas of the Mexican economy. Unemployment, therefore, leads to an increase in rates of poverty, and despair are driven to migrate abroad.

Two weeks ago, presented the report of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and he said that Mexico has the highest levels of poverty and inequality within the organization is ensured that 10% of the poorest The average income is less than $ 1000 in purchasing power parities. Inflation, unemployment and poverty to become very attractive option Emigration. The phenomenon of Mexican migration to the North American country has its roots in the second half of the twentieth century, however, has been for the last three decades that this migratory movement has intensified. The phenomenon of emigration occurs around the world, according to United Nations Organization, 200 million people are currently living in a different country of origin. One of the sociological changes that have had the phenomenon of migration, is that during the last decades the number of migrant women of any marital status, has increased spectacularly, either alone or accompanied by other women or migrant families. The procedure to cross "the other side? is terribly dangerous. Migrants die of thirst or hunger in the deserts, drowned in the Rio Grande, assaulted and murdered.

Risks are vast, it's so dangerous to be found when you do not want, as not to be when needed. "They are on average five hundred Mexicans killed a year? (Schwebel, 2008). Yet attempts do not stop. Although the government and the media disapprove of migration, the economy of our country is greatly benefited from remittances are the capital that our countrymen sent from the U.S. to their families in Mexico. Eduardo Gonzalez in his book "With all cheesy? us that these remittances up 2.5 percent of gross domestic product in Mexico. There are approximately 17 million adults who receive remittances and 40 percent of them live them alone. In 2006, remittances were used by 57 percent for spending on necessities which helps to mobilize the Mexican economy. In that year reached 23.054 million dollars in remittances. During the first quarter of 2007, remittances fell at an annual rate of 3.4 percent a decade ago not seen figures as low. This decline in remittances may be awarded to the Bush policy of anti-immigrant programs which exercised it difficult for undocumented workers crossing the border in addition to the downturn presented by the construction industry, an area of ​​high labor contract Mexican workers.

Although the business of remittances seems quite profitable, much of the money earned by migrants lost in the shipping process. In one study it was seen that 20 percent of remittances collected it from companies in the business of money transfer such as Western Union. They get that money through commission charged for shipping in addition to the profit gained by the currency exchange service. In 2002 that kind of business profits obtained by sending remittances of about 4 billion dollars (Gonzalez, 2008). Despite the perceived economic benefits through remittances, Mexico faces serious social problems. The states of Zacatecas, Aguascalientes, Durango and Michoacan, among others, present in 60 or 70 percent of their high levels of migration municipalities. The 96.2 percent of the municipalities in Mexico have some type of migration to the north neighboring country ( Gonzales, 2008). These communities are becoming more isolated because even though they receive income from remittances, over time they lose their best people, those who are of working age.

In their absence are only women, children and elders which influences so that in future, all this population that was young, back when they are no longer of working age, then that will require medical and pension however the problem is that over their years working, migrants never provided resources for the Mexican social security systems, so there will be no resources to provide services to all those people. "Currently residing in the United States twenty million illegal immigrants, of which at least half are Mexicans?. This amount must be added the two million first-generation Mexican and 8 million second and third, the latter have their legal residence. The fourth and earned his citizenship. Is a young population, half are under 32 years and on average arrive in the country at the age of 21, this might be an important factor that between July 2005 and July 2006 one of every two births in the U.S. were Hispanic (Gonzalez, 2008). Immigrants in the United States represent a workforce of dimensional case.

Only in California can find 13.2 million Latinos. 24 percent of undocumented workers in California, where 91 percent of day laborers were Mexican and 80 percent of them are illegal. The question then is ... Why allow the patterns of the fields? The answer is easy, undocumented labor force are good and cheap. A U.S. man will have to pay much more than an illegal immigrant, so keep those deals almost in secret with undocumented day laborers. One way they could use legal immigrants to legally enter the country is asking for a guest visa. A guest visa is a permit to reside in the country for a few months for labor issues, however, the deadline the individual is forced to return to their country of origin. The problem with these visas is that they are very limited and therefore are sought after and sold it to blackmail and extra fees, so if the individual met all the legal backing. One of the requirements for obtaining a visa is to have proof guest house in Mexico, or perhaps some other possession, the problem is that in principle these people are migrating to the U.S. because they have nothing.

What's more, impressively immigrants help the American community as they on the contrary to popular myth, do pay taxes, injustice is that these people spend years paying them ended up not getting the benefits of that investment as they are health care and pension. Since early this year we could glimpse the problem that afflicts us all globally, talk about the U.S. recession. There is a well known phrase that says when the U.S. gets the flu, Mexico gets pneumonia. Our dependence on the North American country takes damage when its economy is unbalanced. The Bank of Mexico stated: "In the eighth month of the year (2008), income from migrant workers' remittances amounted to 937 million thousand dollars, which represented an annual decrease of 12.2 percent percent, one of the lowest levels since 1995 when they created this indicator.?

The U.S. economic slowdown has reduced employment opportunities miserably for Hispanic immigrants. The unemployment rate was higher among migrant Mexican workers. If we add that to the more stringent controls on the "Border Patrol? we realize the plight of migrants today. Many people who have been considering migrating discouraged because of these recent developments. The BBC notes that the number of arrests for attempted illegal border crossing will decrease dramatically, but the deaths do not diminish. "President Felipe Calderon said the United States economy can not be relaunched after the economic crisis being experienced without the key element that represents the work of migrants.? The last few days the press tells us that we are a thousand 500 people a day they return to Sonora (El Financiero, 10/25/08), which 4 000 migrants from Chicago back to the country's capital (The Weekly, 14/10 / 08), and that so far this year and add 20 000 families residing in the United States which they have returned to the state of Michoacán (La Jornada Michoacán, 10/10/08). El Universal said on 30 September that the National Migration Institute has publicly acknowledged the existence of a growing number of civilians who return permanently to their Mexican lands.

It seems that this phenomenon does not decrease until the U.S. economy copper balance and again offer this niche work so appealing. In conclusion, we regret that we over-reliance of the economy of the United States, its deep economic crisis is impacting us seriously, not only for the repatriation of civilians and the lack of remittances, but also because 90% of our exports go to that country. This is causing us high unemployment in the countryside, tourism and especially in the maquiladora industry, established throughout the country. This requires the design of emerging programs of employment and training, accelerate reforms that promote greater investment and strategies to open new export markets in Europe, Asia and Latin America.