Earthquake Resistant Structure

Earthquake resistant structure.

As a phenomenon that has accompanied humanity throughout his life, have made significant efforts to understand and everything has been sought and sought, yet minimize its effects. The first explanations were associated with divinity and specifically to the discomfort of that, with the actions of men consequently how to treat this event was not entirely technical.

We know that earthquakes have historically caused, apart from the human casualties, if they can set aside, destruction of their temples and most iconic buildings which has led to doubts about the power of their gods, especially the effectiveness of sacrifices or other forms of "shovel? their anger, this is the case of the Colossus of Rhodes and in some ways the Lighthouse of Alexandria (two of the wonders of ancient world)

Alexander Von Humboldt is the first to give a good approximation correspecto the origin of these phenomena, linking faults and earthquakes. As postulated a relationship between earthquakes and volcanoes deduction which came after studying the Guagua Pichincha in the City of Quito (Ecuador), among other places stating verbatim: "Active volcanoes as safety valves are the neighboring regions ?.

The objectives of earthquake resistant design are very specific and relate to: • Resist minor earthquakes without damage. • Resist moderate earthquakes considering minor structural damage. • To resist severe earthquakes with the possibility of major structural damage, preventing the collapse of the building.

Generally, there are many considerations that may cause associated with an earthquake resistant structure to comply with these security conditions, being grouped in soil type, the symmetry of design in the upper floors are as light as possible, the need for proper selection in quantity and quality of materials especially iron, which must be ductile, some recosen Parts Thereof procure their rods this condition, avoiding the embrittlement due to quenching the lamination process, it is also necessary that the structure will deform limited, and a good practice of rigorous construction and structural inspection.

Because seismic waves are transmitted basically three forms horizontal, vertical and mixed, it requires the design of structures to be as symmetrical as possible and that the effect of shear and tensile associated with these movements is properly "assimilated ? by itself is not new that the concrete does not work well under this kind of effort, so the steel that is placed inside to provide the support necessary to compensate for this deficiency, this is the way to work it mixed material weakness is offset about the strengths of another.

There has been talk of the ductility, but two other important properties are: a moderate degree of stiffness and strength, these properties are dominant when designing the structure to withstand earthquakes of lesser intensity without cracking, however, when the earthquakes are older structure ensures that the wave follow a uniform, so the cantilevered structures should be avoided, because they have to amplify the shaking in their ends which means a greater demand for the materials involved.

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